Arithmetic and Relational Operators in C++

Introduction

Operators are symbols that tell the compiler to perform specific operations on variables and values. Arithmetic operators handle mathematical operations, while relational operators are used to compare values.

Arithmetic Operators

These are used to perform basic mathematical operations.

Example:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int a = 10, b = 3;
    cout << "a + b = " << a + b << endl;
    cout << "a - b = " << a - b << endl;
    cout << "a * b = " << a * b << endl;
    cout << "a / b = " << a / b << endl;
    cout << "a % b = " << a % b << endl;
    return 0;
}

Relational Operators

These are used to compare two values and return a boolean (true or false).

Example:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    int x = 5, y = 3;
    cout << (x == y) << endl;  // 0
    cout << (x != y) << endl;  // 1
    cout << (x > y) << endl;   // 1
    cout << (x < y) << endl;   // 0
    cout << (x >= y) << endl;  // 1
    cout << (x <= y) << endl;  // 0
    return 0;
}

Output:

0
1
1
0
1
0

Summary

• Arithmetic operators perform basic mathematical operations.

• Relational operators compare values and return a boolean result.

• They are crucial for building expressions, conditions, and control structures in C++.